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1. Read the following text to answer the question.

The Falkirk Wheel in Scotland was the first rotating boat lift in the world. Opened in 2002, it was central to the ambitious £84.5m Millennium Link project to restore navigability across Scotland by reconnecting the historic waterways of the Forth & Clyde and Union Canals. The major challenge of the project laid in the fact that the Forth & Clyde Canal is positioned 35 metres below the level of the Union Canal.

The Falkirk Wheel has linked the Forth & Clyde Canal with the Union Canal for the first time in their history.

2. Which of the following words is the odd one out?

3. Read the following text to answer the question.

On Ulithi Atoll in the western Pacific region, women have a clear role and defined rights in the community distribution of fish catches. This is because the mahogany logs from nearby Yap Island used in making the fishing canoes are obtained through the exchange of cloth made by the women of Ulithi. Small-scale reef fisheries also support the involvement of local businesswomen and their involvement can give them greater control over their household income, and in negotiating for loans or credit. Thus their role is not only important in providing income for their families, it also underpins the economy of the local village.

Boats for use by the inhabitants of Ulithi are constructed on Yap Island.

4. Listen to the following audio to answer the question.

Dr Holman has samples from every __________

5. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. (1) It would be possible to persuade the government to impose a more ambitious target. (2) The government ........... to impose this more ambitious target.

6. Listen to the following audio to answer the question.

Margaret suggests that managers may find it difficult to _________

7. Listen to the following audio to answer the question.

US East Coast display: grains from the south coast are small, light-coloured and _______ in shape.

8. "The enemy of my enemy is my friend." Which of the following terms does this sentence exemplify?

9. Read the following text to answer the question.

Even further to the east is the Giant’s Causeway stunning coastline with strangely symmetrical columns of dark basalt – a beautiful geological wonder. Samuel L. Johnson, an 18th century writer, famously once said of the Causeway that it was worth seeing, but not worth going to see. That was in the days of horses and carriages when travelling was difficult. But it is certainly well worth a visit. The last lingering moments of the twilight hours are the best time to savour the full power of the coastline’s magic; the time when the place comes into its own.

The writer believes that the Giant’s Causeway is worth going to visit.

10. Which of these words for an expert in their field is the most formal?

11. Complete the sentence with the correct passive form of the verb "investigate". "The methods used in the research seem rather questionable and may need ________________ further."

12. Listen to the following audio to answer the question.

Passenger surname:

13. I predict I will receive a 17% raise if I move, ______________ if I stay in my current position, it will take me three more years to make that much.

14. Measuring someone’s personality allows _______ to predict how healthy they are likely to be.

15. Read the following text to answer the question.

There are a number of settlements across East Anglia with names containing the word ‘tye’. The word is Anglo-Saxon in origin, and the Oxford English Dictionary quotes the earliest usage of the term as dating from 832. Essentially a ‘tye’ was a green or a small area of open common land, usually situated away from the main village or settlement, often at the junction of two or more routes. Locals and passing travellers had the right to pasture their horses, pigs and other farm animals on the tye.

A tye was __________________

16. Which of the following words is a long channel of water that is man made?

17. Ur was ___________________located close to the Euphrates and Tigris rivers.

18. Read the following text to answer the question.

Drs B. Sellers and P. Manning from the University of Manchester have created a computer model which works with digitized dinosaur skeletons and the locations of known muscles. The model then randomly activates the muscles. This, perhaps unsurprisingly, almost always results in the animal falling flat on its face. So the computer alters the activation pattern and tries again. If there is any improvement, the old pattern is discarded and the new one is adopted as a base. Eventually, the muscle activation pattern evolves to a stable way of movement and the dinosaur can walk, run, chase or graze. Assuming natural selection evolves the best possible solution too, the modeled animal should move in a manner similar to its now-extinct counterpart. Indeed, using the same method for living animals, including humans, emu and ostriches, similar top speeds were achieved on the computer as in reality.

When the Sellers & Manning model was used for people, it showed them moving quicker than they are physically able to.

19. Complete the sentence with the verb "move" in the correct form. Earthquakes are caused by tectonic plates ________________________ against each other.

20. Listen to the following audio to answer the question.

What time does Laura's lecture end?